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1.      The Mongolian Cyrillic alphabet

Mongolian is a member of the Altaic family of languages, which includes Finnish, Hungarian, Turkish, Kazakh, Uzbek, and Korean. The traditional Mongolian scripts looks like Arabic turned 90 degrees, and are still used by the Mongolians living in china /inner Mongolia, parts of Xinjiang, Qinhai, Liaoning an Jilin/. In 1944, the Cyrillic alphabets was adopted, with the to additional characters, ª and ¯. It remains in use today in Mongolia and also in the to autonomous republics of Russia, Buryatia and Khalmykia.

In Mongolia speech organs such as the nose larynx take relatively less participation but Tongue teeth, palate and lips take and active part in producing sounds. It’s a language rich in vocabulary so it has an ample opportunities to translate from any foreign language rendering the meaning of different expressions and ideas.

Because of the specific mode of life, customs and environments, there are a lot of terms and expressions not easy to translate into other languages and render there meanings. There are also many proverbs relating to Mongolian life /for example – While your father is alive get acquainted with people, while you have horses, go and see far away lands/.

The Mongol scrip has five main vowels and 22 consonants and is written vertically. It can be written quickly and there fore considered similar to shorthand. In many cases, the Mongolian writing system does not correspond with pronunciation. In this respect it is similar to written and spoken English. Because of the complication, Mongol’s tried to adopt the square /pags-pa/ script in 1269, the Todu script in 1648, the Soyombo script in 1686 and the Cyrillic scrip in 1941. The later Cyrillic script was successfully adopted unlike the others, and helped to erase illiteracy among the population. The Mongolian Cyrillic alphabet has 35 letters. There have been attempts to revive the old Mongolian script but so far, there has been little success.  

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